Korean J Med.  2005 Sep;69(3):304-312.

Clinical significance of chromosomal abnormality in multiple myeloma

• Kim KT
• Paik JH
• Lee CJ
• Kim JH
• Bae YZ
• Seo BG
• Kwon HC
• Oh SY
• Kim SH
• Kim JS
• Han JY
• Kim HJ

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Multiple myeloma is a clonal B-cell malignancy manifested by the accumulation of terminally differentiated plasma cells. The disease is characterized by clinical heterogeneity, with survival ranging from a few months to more than 10 years. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of specific chromosomal abnormality in multiple myeloma.
METHODS
We analyzed the clinical records of 40 patients who were diagnosed as multiple myeloma, between April, 1995 and August, 2004. Cytogenetic analysis was conducted by metaphase karyotype analysis. Patients were grouped into normal cytogenetic group (arm A), complete or partial deletion of chromosome 13 and hypodiploidy group (arm B) and other cytogenetic abnormality group (arm C).
RESULTS
Median follow up duration was 13.1 months (range 1.5-92.1). Overall response rate to chemotherapy was 58.8% and response rate among arm A, B and C were 56.3%, 33.3% and 75%, respectively (p=0.229). The prognostic factors affecting survival were clinical stage, performance status, serum creatinine level, sex and chromosomal abnormality. The median overall survival was significantly different among arm A, B and C (34.9 months, 8.5 months and 19.8 months, respectively, p=0.0125).
CONCLUSION
chromosomal abnormality, especially, complete or partial deletion of chromosome 13 and hypodiploidy at initial diagnosis is significantly associated with survival duration.

Keyword

Multiple myeloma; Chromosome; Prognosis

MeSH Terms

Arm
B-Lymphocytes
Chromosome Aberrations*
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13
Creatinine
Cytogenetic Analysis
Cytogenetics
Diagnosis
Drug Therapy
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Karyotype
Metaphase
Multiple Myeloma*
Plasma Cells
Population Characteristics
Prognosis
Creatinine