J Cerebrovasc Endovasc Neurosurg.  2014 Sep;16(3):254-261. 10.7461/jcen.2014.16.3.254.

Decompressive Surgery in Patients with Poor-grade Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Clipping with Simultaneous Decompression Versus Coil Embolization Followed by Decompression

• Hwang US
• Shin HS
• Lee SH
• Koh JS

• KMID: 1963164
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7461/jcen.2014.16.3.254

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
In addition to obliterating the aneurysm using clipping or coiling, decompressive surgery for control of rising intracranial pressure (ICP) is thought to be crucial to prevention of adverse outcomes in patients with poor grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). We evaluated the clinical characteristics of patients with poor-grade aSAH, and compared outcomes of aneurysmal clipping with simultaneous decompressive surgery to those of coil embolization followed by decompression.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In 591 patients with aSAH, 70 patients with H-H grade IV and V underwent decompressive surgery including craniectomy, lobectomy, and hematoma removal. We divided the patients into two groups according to clipping vs. coil embolization (clip group vs. coil group), and analyzed outcomes and mortality.
RESULTS
Aneurysmal clipping was performed in 40 patients and coil embolization was performed in 30 patients. No significant differences in demographics were observed between the two groups. Middle cerebral artery and posterior circulation aneurysms were more frequent in the clip group. Among 70 patients, mortality occurred in 29 patients (41.4%) and 61 patients (87.1%) had a poor score on the Glasgow outcome scale (scores I-III). No significant difference in mortality was observed between the two groups, but a favorable outcome was more frequent in the coil group (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
In this study, despite aggressive surgical and endovascular management for elevated ICP, there were high rates of adverse outcomes and mortality in poor-grade aSAH. Despite poor outcomes overall, early coil embolization followed by decompression surgery could lead to more favorable outcomes in patients with poor-grade aSAH.

Keyword

Subarachnoid hemorrhage; Intracranial aneurysm; Decompressive craniectomy; Endovascular; Microsurgery; Intracranial hypertension

MeSH Terms

Aneurysm
Decompression*
Decompressive Craniectomy
Demography
Embolization, Therapeutic*
Glasgow Outcome Scale
Hematoma
Humans
Intracranial Aneurysm
Intracranial Hypertension
Intracranial Pressure
Microsurgery
Middle Cerebral Artery
Mortality
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage*

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