J Korean Med Sci.  2012 Aug;27(8):969-971. 10.3346/jkms.2012.27.8.969.

Clinical Factors Associated with Hepatitis A Virus Seropositivity in HIV-Infected Adults Living in a Country with an Epidemiologic Shift for Hepatitis A Virus Infection

• Baek JH
• Kim CO
• Park JY
• Jeong SJ
• Koo NS
• Kim HW
• Han SH
• Choi JY
• Song YG
• Kim JM

• KMID: 1714214
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2012.27.8.969

Abstract

The number of HIV-infected individuals susceptible to Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is increasing in Korea; however, it has proven difficult to devise a vaccination policy therefore because limited seroepidemiologic data exists for them. Accordingly, anti-HAV IgG was measured in 188 HIV-infected adults between July 2008 and July 2010. The nadir CD4+ T lymphocyte counts were not different between the HAV-positive and -negative groups (197 +/- 138 vs 202 +/- 129, P = 0.821). The only factor independently associated with seropositive status was age under 40 yr old (OR 0.017, P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that HAV vaccination in HIV-infected adults should be targeted at persons under the age of 40 yr.

Keyword

HIV; HAV; Seropositivity

MeSH Terms

Adult
Age Factors
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
Female
HIV Infections/*complications
Hepatitis A/complications/*epidemiology
Hepatitis A Antibodies/blood
Hepatitis A virus/immunology
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Odds Ratio
Republic of Korea/epidemiology
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Hepatitis A Antibodies

Reference

1. Jacobsen KH, Wiersma ST. Hepatitis A virus seroprevalence by age and world region, 1990 and 2005. Vaccine. 2010. 28:6653–6657.

2. Kim YJ, Lee HS. Increasing incidence of hepatitis A in Korean adults. Intervirology. 2010. 53:10–14.

3. Jung YM, Park SJ, Kim JS, Jang JH, Lee SH, Kim JW, Park YM, Hwang SG, Rim KS, Kang SK, et al. Atypical manifestations of hepatitis A infection: a prospective, multicenter study in Korea. J Med Virol. 2010. 82:1318–1326.

4. Choi HK, Song YG, Han SH, Ku NS, Jeong SJ, Baek JH, Kim H, Kim SB, Kim CO, Kim JM, et al. Clinical features and outcomes of acute kidney injury among patients with acute hepatitis A. J Clin Virol. 2011. 52:192–197.

5. Dabrowska MM, Nazzal K, Wiercinska-Drapalo A. Hepatitis A and hepatitis A virus/HIV coinfection in men who have sex with men, Warsaw, Poland, September 2008 to September 2009. Euro Surveill. 2011. 16:19950.

6. Spada E, Genovese D, Tosti ME, Mariano A, Cuccuini M, Proietti L, Giuli CD, Lavagna A, Crapa GE, Morace G, et al. An outbreak of hepatitis A virus infection with a high case-fatality rate among injecting drug users. J Hepatol. 2005. 43:958–964.

7. Sun HY, Kung HC, Ho YC, Chien YF, Chen MY, Sheng WH, Hsieh SM, Wu CH, Liu WC, Hung CC, et al. Seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus infection in persons with HIV infection in Taiwan: implications for hepatitis A vaccination. Int J Infect Dis. 2009. 13:e199–e205.

8. CDC. 1993 revised classification system for HIV infection and expanded surveillance case definition for AIDS among adolescents and adults. MMWR Recomm Rep. 1992. 41:1–19.

9. CDC. Recommended adult immunization schedule: United States, 2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011. 60:1–4.

10. Launay O, Grabar S, Gordien E, Desaint C, Jegou D, Abad S, Girard PM, Belarbi L, Guerin C, Dimet J, et al. Immunological efficacy of a three-dose schedule of hepatitis A vaccine in HIV-infected adults: HEPAVAC study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2008. 49:272–275.

11. Shire NJ, Welge JA, Sherman KE. Efficacy of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine in HIV-infected patients: a hierarchical bayesian meta-analysis. Vaccine. 2006. 24:272–279.

12. Ida S, Tachikawa N, Nakajima A, Daikoku M, Yano M, Kikuchi Y, Yasuoka A, Kimura S, Oka S. Influence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection on acute hepatitis A virus infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2002. 34:379–385.

13. Costa-Mattioli M, Allavena C, Poirier AS, Billaudel S, Raffi F, Ferre V. Prolonged hepatitis A infection in an HIV-1 seropositive patient. J Med Virol. 2002. 68:7–11.

14. Jung SI, Lee CS, Park KH, Kim ES, Kim YJ, Kim GS, Lim DS, Moon JE, Min JJ, Bom HS, et al. Sero-epidemiology of hepatitis A virus infection among healthcare workers in Korean hospitals. J Hosp Infect. 2009. 72:251–257.

15. Lee D, Ki M, Lee A, Lee KR, Park HB, Kim CS, Yoon BY, Kim JH, Lee YS, Jeong SH. A nationwide seroprevalence of total antibody to hepatitis A virus from 2005 to 2009: age and area-adjusted prevalence rates. Korean J Hepatol. 2011. 17:44–50.

16. Lee H, Cho HK, Kim JH, Kim KH. Seroepidemiology of hepatitis A in Korea: changes over the past 30 years. J Korean Med Sci. 2011. 26:791–796.

17. Kee MK, Lee JH, Kim GJ, Choi BS, Hong KJ, Lee JS, Kim SS. Decrease of initial CD4+ T-cell counts at the time of diagnosis of HIV infection in Korea; 1988-2006. Int J STD AIDS. 2010. 21:120–125.