Korean J Orthod.  1983 Mar;13(1):15-30.

The effect of functional pressures of the tongue and lips on the incisor relationship

• Chung HS
• Lee KS

Abstract

This study was to investigate the effect of functional pressures of the tongue and lips on the incisor relationship. The incisor relationship was divided into two categories; one is vertical relationship which is subdevided into open bite, normal overbite and deep bite no the basis of overbite, and the other is anteroposterior relationship which is subdevided into cross bite, normal overjet and large overjet on the basis of overjet. The functional tongue and lip pressures exerted to incisors were measured with subminiature pressure sensor form the 99 subjects, 19 of normal overbite and overjet, 26 of open bite, 18 of deep bite, 17 of cross bite and 19 of large overjet with age of 17-20, and cephalograms were taken from the same subjects. Functional pressures were analyzed and correlated to craniofacial veriables. The results of pressent investigation led to the following conclusions. 1. There were no difference in functional and maximum pressures by the tongue and lips exerted to maxillary incisors between normal occlusion, open bite, deep bite, cross bite and large overjet. 2. Significant differences in functional and maximum pressures by the tongue and lips exerted to mandibular incisors have been shown to exist between open bite deep bite, but no differences between cross bite and large overjet. 3. Equilibrium between tongue pressures and lip pressures did not exist. 4. Significant differences in the ratio of upper functional and maximum pressures to lower pressures of the tongue and lips exerted to upper and lower incisors have been shown to exist between open bite and deep bite, and no differences between cross bite and large overjet. 5. There was significant correlation between functional and maximum pressures exerted to mandibular incisors and craniofacial variables, but not significant correlation between funetional and maximum pressures exerted to maxillary incisors and craniofacial variables.

MeSH Terms

Incisor*
Lip*
Malocclusion
Open Bite
Overbite
Tongue*