Lab Anim Res.  2013 Jun;29(2):96-102. 10.5625/lar.2013.29.2.96.

Rabbit gastric ulcer models: comparison and evaluation of acetic acid-induced ulcer and mucosectomy-induced ulcer

• Maeng JH
• Lee E
• Lee DH
• Yang SG

• KMID: 1431341
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5625/lar.2013.29.2.96

Abstract

In this study, we examined rabbit gastric ulcer models that can serve as more clinically relevant models. Two types of ulcer model were studied: acetic acid-induced ulcers (AAU) and mucosal resection-induced ulcers (MRU). For AAU, rabbit gastric mucosa was exposed by median laparotomy and treated with bottled acetic acid. MRU was examined as a model for endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). Normal saline was injected into the submucosal layer and the swollen mucosa was resected with scissors. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is frequently performed for treatment of early gastric cancers. This procedure inevitably leads to ulcers and bleeding. Bleeding control is the major concern in endoscopic mucosectomy, and some endoscopic hemostatic agents are currently under clinical and preclinical studies. MRU was developed as a model for these induced ulcers and the evaluation of the healing process. The clinical relevancy of those models was compared with that of rat models. Progressive healing was observed for 7 days based on histology. Rabbit models demonstrate round, deep ulcers with clear margins and well-defined healing stages that were difficult to define in rat models.

Keyword

Gastrointestinal ulcers; bleeding; acetic acid; mucosectomy; rabbit

MeSH Terms

Acetic Acid
Animals
Gastric Mucosa
Hemorrhage
Laparotomy
Mucous Membrane
Rats
Stomach Neoplasms
Stomach Ulcer
Ulcer
Acetic Acid

Figure

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  Figure 1 Acetic acid-induced rabbit gastric ulcer. An open glass bottle containing acetic acid was applied to the gastric mucosa for 15 seconds. Recovery of gastric ulcers was observed for a week.

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  Figure 2 Mucosal resection-induced rabbit gastric ulcer. Isotonic saline was injected into the sub-mucosal layer, and the swollen tissue was resected following the typical endoscopic mucosal resection procedure.

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  Figure 3 Rat experimental model of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer. Ulcer margins and area are generally undetectable without microscopic observation. (A) Rat gastric ulcer induced by intra-luminal injection of acetic acid and its macroscopic and microscopic observation. Ulcer area is controlled by ring forceps. (B) Rat gastric ulcer induced by serosal application of acetic acid and its macroscopic and microscopic observation.

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  Figure 4 Mucosal resection-related bleeding in rabbit for development of endoscopic hemostatic agents.

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  Figure 5 Microscopic observation of H&E stained ulcer tissues. On day 1, total collapse of gastric mucosae was observed in both models (AAU and MRU). Then progressive recovery of mucosa layers (i.e., muscularis mucosa, gastric glands, mucosa columnar epithelium) was detected. Scale bar is 200 µm.

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