J Prev Med Public Health.
2009 Nov;42(6):386-391. 10.3961/jpmph.2009.42.6.386.
The Association of Central Obesity with Type 2 Diabetes among Koreans according to the Serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Level: Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Korea. lee_dh@knu.ac.kr
- 2Hallym Research Institute of Clinical Epidermiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Korea.
- 3Department of Family Medicine, Daegu Catholic University Hospital, Korea.
- 4Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Chonnam National University College of Medicine, Korea.
- 5Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine College of Medicine, Dankook University, Korea.
- 6Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Masan Samsung Hospital, Korea.
- 7Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea.
- 8Department of Social, Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Korea.
- 9Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Korea.
- 10Department of Preventive Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Korea.
- 11Department of Preventive Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical School, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Korea.
- 12Department of Preventive Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Korea.
- 13Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Korea.
- KMID: 1105311
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2009.42.6.386
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This cross-sectional study was performed to examine if the serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level that is within its normal range is associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes and if the association between the waist hip ratio (WHR) and type 2 diabetes is different depending on the serum GGT levels.
METHODS
The study subjects were 23,436 persons aged 40 years or older and who participated in regular health check-ups at 11 hospitals (males: 5,821, females: 17,615). The gender-specific quintiles of the serum GGT and WHR were used to examine the associations with type 2 diabetes.
RESULTS
The serum GGT levels within their normal range were positively associated with type 2 diabetes only in women. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were 1.0, 1.0, 1.4, 2.1, and 2.5 according to the quintiles of the serum GGT (p(trend)<0.01). The WHR was more strongly associated with the prevalence of diabetes among the women with a high-normal serum GGT level as compared with those with a low-normal serum GGT level (p for interaction=0.02). For example, the adjusted ORs for women with a low normal serum GGT level were 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 2.2, and 2.4 according to the quintiles of the WHR, while those figures were 1.0, 2.4, 3.6, 5.0, and 8.3 among the women with a high normal serum GGT level. However, in men, the serum GGT was very weakly associated with type 2 diabetes and the association between the WHR and type 2 diabetes was not different depending on the serum GGT level.
CONCLUSIONS
Serum GGT within its normal range was positively associated with type 2 diabetes, and central obesity was more strongly associated with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes when the serum GGT level was high-normal. However, these associations were observed only in women, which is different from the previous findings. The stronger relation between central obesity and type 2 diabetes among women with a high-normal serum GGT level can be useful for selecting a group that is at high risk for type 2 diabetes irregardless of whatever the underlying mechanism is.
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