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Carbohydrate counting is a prudent meal planning approach for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), especially those undergoing multiple daily injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin injections. Carbohydrate counting can...
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by an immune-mediated beta-cell destruction that causes lifelong insulin dependency. Diagnosis of diabetes is based on fasting glucose, 2-h plasma glucose value after...
Hypoglycemia is one barrier in providing optimal glycemic control in diabetes patients, and ironically the risk factors for hypoglycemia tend to be higher in patients with poor glycemic control. Severe...
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most arduous chronic illnesses, both physically and psychologically. To live with a chronic incurable illness is to live in a state of constant uncertainty....
Depression and stress are the most common psychological problems observed in diabetic patients and are associated with poor diabetes self-management and treatment compliance. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be an...
The Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications study, a prospective observational follow-up of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial cohort, reported persistent benefits for micro- and macro-vascular complication in type...
The proportion of the population aged 65 years and older has increased, and at least 20% of people in that age group have diabetes. This percentage is expected to increase...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease with insulin deficiency which causes microvascular complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. There have been some trials to simulate the pancreatic endocrine...
The glycemic index (GI) is the measure of how much and how quickly a particular food elevates blood glucose levels. The glycemic load (GL) is a related measurement that is...
Phlegmonous esophagogastritis is a rare bacterial infection that has been reported to result in mortality. The pathophysiology of phlegmonous gastrointestinal infection is unclear, but some predisposing factors are reported. Those...
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is defined as the presence of extraluminal gas in the mediastinal space without any clear traumatic cause. It has been reported in association with asthma exacerbation, emesis,...