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Hormonal fluctuations significantly influence the human musculoskeletal system. In particular, rapid changes in hormone levels, including estrogen, can induce a variety of physiological alterations. The increased prevalence of musculoskeletal pain...
Frozen shoulder is characterized by progressive stiffness and pain, often leading to significant functional impairments. While its clinical features are well-documented, the literature presents considerable divergence regarding its natural history,...
Wrist pain, while not the most common musculoskeletal complaint, is frequently encountered by clinicians in outpatient settings.
Its prevalence is notably higher among individuals with high daily physical demands, such as...
Calcific tendinitis, which occurs especially in the shoulder area, is a representative disease that causes shoulder pain due to single or multiple calcium deposits in the rotator cuff tendon or...
Radicular pain due to spinal degeneration is commonly managed with transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TFESI) to reduce inflammation. However, in cases where pain persists due to central sensitization, pulsed radiofrequency...
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease, particularly among the elderly, that can cause functional disability due to impaired joint function and pain. Recent studies have shown that extracorporeal shockwave...
Steroids and local anesthetics are the most commonly used agents for treatment of inflammation and diagnostic evaluation of lesions caused by musculoskeletal disorders. They have various duration of effect, potency,...
Snapping sensations in fingers commonly lead to diagnoses of trigger finger, usually attributed to A1 pulley pathology. However, less common etiologies can present challenges in accurate diagnosis and management. Here,...
Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a shoulder joint disorder characterized by decreased range of motion without abnormalities on simple radiographs. Pathologically, it involves inflammatory changes and fibrosis...
Sarcopenia is an age-related condition which is characterized by a decrease in the mass and function of skeletal muscle and can affect the muscles of the trunk and extremities and...
Muscle regeneration is a complex process involving the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of muscle satellite cells following injury. Recent advancements in bioelectronic medicine have highlighted the potential of electroceuticals—therapies that...
Botulinum toxin injections are method used to manage spasticity of upper extremity, characterized by increased muscle tone and involuntary muscle contraction caused by neurological disorders. Botulinum toxin injections to reduce...
Ultrasonography is a valuable diagnostic tool in muscle diseases, offering real-time, non-invasive, and cost-effective evaluation.
Techniques such as gray-scale analysis and cross-sectional area measurements provide objective and quantifiable data, enabling the...