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Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Recent Advances and Diagnostic Algorithms

Ryu YJ

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) persists as a great public health problem in Korea. Increases in the overall age of the population and the rise of drug-resistant TB have reinforced the need...
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Prevalence of Benign Diseases Mimicking Lung Cancer: Experience from a University Hospital of Southern Brazil

Homrich GK, Andrade CF, Marchiori , Lidtke GD, Martins FP, Santos JW

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the most lethal type of cancer in the world. Several benign lung diseases may mimic lung carcinoma in its clinical and radiological presentation, which makes the...
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Lee SH

A small number of viable tuberculosis bacilli can reside in an individual with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) without obvious clinical symptoms or abnormal chest radiographs. Diagnosis and treatment for LTBI...
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

Lee JY

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) constitutes about 20% of all cases of tuberculosis (TB) in Korea. Diagnosing EPTB remains challenging because clinical samples obtained from relatively inaccessible sites may be paucibacillary, thus...
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Agranulocytosis Induced by Ethambutol in a Patient with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Moon KM, Han MS, Chung SH, Kim JR, Kim JY, Jung SY, Cho Y

We report a case of agranulocytosis caused by ethambutol in a 79-year-old man with pulmonary tuberculosis. He was referred for fever and skin rash developed on 21th day after antituberculosis...
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Outcomes and Use of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients Treated in Virginia, 2009-2014

Heysell SK, Moore JL, Peloquin C, Ashkin D, Houpt ER

BACKGROUND: Reports of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for second-line medications to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remain limited. METHODS: A retrospective cohort from the Virginia state tuberculosis (TB) registry, 2009-2014, was analyzed...
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Does the Mean Arterial Pressure Influence Mortality Rate in Patients with Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure under Mechanical Ventilation?

Gjonbrataj J, Kim HJ, Jung HI, Choi WI

BACKGROUND: In sepsis patients, target mean arterial pressures (MAPs) greater than 65 mm Hg are recommended. However, there is no such recommendation for patients receiving mechanical ventilation. We aimed to...
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A Case of Solitary Fibrous Pleura Tumor Associated with Severe Hypoglycemia: Doege-Potter Syndrome

Jang JG, Chung JH, Hong KS, Ahn JH, Lee JY, Jo JH, Lee DW, Shin KC, Lee KH, Kim MJ, Lee JC, Lee JH, Lee JK

Solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura (SFTP) is a rare primary intrathoracic tumor that arises from mesenchymal tissue underlying the mesothelial layer of the pleura. It usually has an indolent...
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Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis Presenting as Recurrent Mass-like Consolidation

Choe YH

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a hypersensitive disease showing various radiographic and clinical manifestations. Its clinical course has not been fully understood. Here I describe a case of a 23-year-old...
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Massive Hemoptysis due to Endotracheal Hemangioma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Yu Y, Lee S, An J, Lee J, Kim J, Lee Y, Jung E, Song S, Kim H, Kim S

Tracheal hemangioma is a rare benign vascular tumor in adults. We reported a case of massive hemoptysis caused by a cavernous hemangioma in a 75-year-old man. This is the first...
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Two Cases of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia of Similar Appearance in Adult Monozygotic Twin: Pathology and Computed Tomographic Findings

Lee YP, Chun EM, Kim YK, Sung SH

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is related to decreased lung function throughout life. However, the pathology and radiology pattern of BPD of adults are not documented well yet. In this case report,...
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Regulation of CYP1A1 and Inflammatory Cytokine by NCOA7 Isoform 4 in Response to Dioxin Induced Airway Inflammation

Cho SH, Park SY, Lee EJ, Cho YH, Park HS, Hong SH, Kim WJ

BACKGROUND: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-dependent transcription factor, binds to a wide variety of synthetic and naturally occurring compounds. AhR is involved in the regulation of inflammatory response during...
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Low Grade Pulmonary Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis with an Endobronchial Mass

Kim KH, Park J, Yoo JY, Kim MJ, Kim I, Rhee CK, Lee HY

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) is an angiocentric and angiodestructive neoplastic proliferation of B and T lymphocytes commonly involving the lungs. Epstein-Barr virus is commonly detected in lesional cells. We report a...
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Seven-Day Continuous Abstinence Rate from Smoking at 1, 2, or 3 Years after the Use of Varenicline

Kim JS, Jang JY, Park EH, Lee JY, Gu KM, Jung JW, Choi JC, Shin JW, Park IW, Choi BW, Kim JY

BACKGROUND: Varenicline, a selective partial agonist/antagonist of the alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptor, has proven effectiveness for smoking cessation by several randomized, controlled trials. Because few studies have evaluated the long-term efficacy...
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A Rare Case of Primary Thymic Adenocarcinoma Mimicking Small Cell Lung Cancer

Cho EN, Park HS, Kim TH, Byun MK, Kim HJ, Ahn CM, Chang YS

Primary thymic adenocarcinoma is a very rare malignancy of the anterior mediastinum with no standardized treatment. A 36-year-old male patient presented with hoarseness over the past 3 months. A chest...
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