J Obes Metab Syndr.
2024 Mar;33(1):64-75. 10.7570/jomes23022.
Gut Microbiome and Metabolic and Immune Indices in Males with or without Evidence of Metabolic Dysregulation
- Affiliations
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- 1School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Southport, Australia
- 2Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
- 3QCIF Facility for Advanced Bioinformatics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
- 4Diabetes and Endocrinology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Australia
- 5School of Medicine, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
- KMID: 2554530
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.7570/jomes23022
Abstract
- Background
The contributions of the gut microbiota to obesity and metabolic disease represent a potentially modifiable factor that may explain variation in risk between individuals. This study aimed to explore relationships among microbial composition and imputed functional attributes, a range of soluble metabolic and immune indices, and gene expression markers in males with or without evidence of metabolic dysregulation (MetDys).
Methods
This case-control study included healthy males (n=15; 41.9±11.7 years; body mass index [BMI], 22.9±1.2 kg/m2 ) and males with evidence of MetDys (n= 14; 46.6±10.0 years; BMI, 35.1±3.3 kg/m2 ) who provided blood and faecal samples for assessment of a range of metabolic and immune markers and microbial composition using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Metagenomic functions were imputed from microbial sequence data for analysis.
Results
In addition to elevated values in a range of traditional metabolic, adipokine and inflammatory indices in the MetDys group, 23 immunomodulatory genes were significantly altered in the MetDys group. Overall microbial diversity did not differ between groups; however, a trend for a higher relative abundance of the Bacteroidetes (P=0.06) and a lower relative abundance of the Verrucomicrobia (P=0.09) phyla was noted in the MetDys group. Using both family- and genera-level classifications, a partial least square discriminant analysis revealed unique microbial signatures between the groups.
Conclusion
These findings confirm the need for ongoing investigations in human clinical cohorts to further resolve the relationships between the gut microbiota and metabolic and immune markers and risk for metabolic disease.
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