J Vet Sci.
2023 Sep;24(5):e54. 10.4142/jvs.23025.
Protection provided by a commercial modified-live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) 1 vaccine (PRRSV1-MLV) against a Japanese PRRSV2 field strain
- Affiliations
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- 1Laboratorios Hipra S.A., 17170 Amer, Girona, Spain
- 2Hipra Japan LLC., Tokyo 106-0047, Japan
- 3R&D, Hipra Scientific, S.L.U., 17170 Amer, Girona, Spain
- 4Unitat Mixta d'Investigació Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA)-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- 5Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- 6World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) Reference Laboratory for Classical Swine Fever, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA)-Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- KMID: 2546803
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23025
Abstract
- Background
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccines do not provide full cross-protection, mainly due to the virus genetic variability. Despite this, vaccines based on modified-live PRRSV (PRRSV-MLV) reduce the disease impact.
Objectives
To assess the efficacy of two commercial vaccines—one based on PRRSV1 (PRRSV1-MLV) and another on PRRSV2 (PRRSV2-MLV)—against a Japanese PRRSV2 field strain.
Methods
Two groups of three-week-old piglets were vaccinated (G1: PRRSV1-MLV; G2: PRRSV2-MLV) and two were kept as non-vaccinated (INF and CTRL). One month later, G1, G2, and INF were challenged with a PRRSV2 field strain.
Results
After the challenge, clinical signs were only observed in INF. Moreover, the highest rectal temperatures and values for the area under the curve (AUC) were observed in INF. Regarding viral detection, both AUC and the proportion of positive samples in blood were higher in INF. In G1, viremic animals never reached 100%. At necropsy (21 d after the challenge), differences for titers among groups were only found in tonsils (G1 < G2 and INF). One animal (belonging to G1) was negative in all tissues. Regarding humoral responses, G1 and G2 seroconverted after vaccination, as detected in the corresponding enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Specific neutralizing antibodies (NA) against PRRSV1-MLV were already detected at 14 d after vaccination in G1, showing a significant booster after the challenge, while PRRSV2-MLV NA were detected in G2 at the end of the experiment.
Conclusions
Despite genetic differences, PRRSV1-MLV has been demonstrated to confer partial protection against a Japanese PRRSV2 strain, at least as good as PRRSV2-MLV.
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