Clin Endosc.  2019 May;52(3):212-219. 10.5946/ce.2018.188.

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage for Benign Biliary Diseases

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. ynakai-tky@umin.ac.jp
  • 2Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.

Abstract

Although endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the first-line treatment for benign biliary diseases, this procedure is technically difficult in some conditions such as a surgically altered anatomy and gastric outlet obstruction. After a failed ERCP, a surgical or a percutaneous approach is selected as a rescue procedure; however, various endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided interventions are increasingly utilized in pancreatobiliary diseases, including EUS-guided rendezvous for failed biliary cannulation, EUS-guided antegrade treatment for stone management, and EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy for anastomotic strictures in patients with a surgically altered anatomy. There are some technical hurdles in EUS-guided interventions for benign biliary diseases owing to the difficulty in puncturing a relatively small bile duct and in subsequent guidewire manipulation, as well as the lack of dedicated devices. A recent major advancement in this field is the introduction of a 2-step approach, in which EUS-guided drainage is placed in the first session and antegrade treatment is performed in subsequent sessions. This approach allows the use of various techniques such as mechanical lithotripsy and cholangioscopy without a risk of bile leak. In summary, EUS-guided interventions are among the treatment options for benign biliary diseases; however, standardization of the procedure and development of a treatment algorithm are needed.

Keyword

Benign biliary diseases; Biliary drainage; Cholangioscopy; Endoscopic ultrasound

MeSH Terms

Bile
Bile Ducts
Catheterization
Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde
Constriction, Pathologic
Drainage*
Gastric Outlet Obstruction
Humans
Lithotripsy
Ultrasonography

Figure

  • Fig. 1. Proposal for a treatment algorithm for benign biliary diseases. BBS, benign biliary stricture; BDS, bile duct stones; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; EUS-AG, endoscopic ultrasound-guided antegrade treatment; EUS-HGS, endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy; EUS-HJS, endoscopic ultrasound-guided epaticojejunostomy; EUS-RV, endoscopic ultrasound-guided rendezvous; IHBD, intrahepatic bile duct; PTBD, percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage.


Cited by  1 articles

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