Diabetes Metab J.  2018 Oct;42(5):380-393. 10.4093/dmj.2017.0102.

Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Health Behaviors, Metabolic Control, and Chronic Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

• Kim SH
• Lee SY
• Kim CW
• Suh YJ
• Hong S
• Ahn SH
• Seo DH
• Nam MS
• Chon S
• Woo JT
• Baik SH
• Park Y
• Lee KW
• Kim YS
• on behalf of the KNDP Study Group

• KMID: 2422783
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2017.0102

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on health behaviors, metabolic control, and chronic complications in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from South Korea, a country with universal health insurance coverage and that has experienced rapid economic and social transition.
METHODS
A total of 3,294 Korean men and women with T2DM aged 30 to 65 years, participating in the Korean National Diabetes Program (KNDP) cohort who reported their SES and had baseline clinical evaluation were included in the current cross-sectional analysis. SES included the level of education and monthly household income.
RESULTS
Lower education level and lower income level were closely related, and both were associated with older age in men and women. Women and men with lower income and education level had higher carbohydrate and lower fat intake. After adjustment for possible confounding factors, higher education in men significantly lowered the odds of having uncontrolled hyperglycemia (glycosylated hemoglobin ≥7.5%) (odds ratio [OR], 0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43 to 0.91 for highest education; P(trend)=0.048), while higher household income in men significantly lowered the odds of having diabetic retinopathy (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.95 for highest income level; P(trend)=0.048). In women, lower income was associated with a higher stress level.
CONCLUSION
Men with lower SES had higher odds of having diabetic retinopathy and uncontrolled hyperglycemia, showing the need to improve care targeted to this population.

Keyword

Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Education; Income; Social class

MeSH Terms

Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*
Diabetic Retinopathy
Education
Family Characteristics
Female
Health Behavior*
Humans
Hyperglycemia
Insurance, Health
Korea
Male
Social Class*

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