Korean J Pediatr.  2007 Mar;50(3):277-283. 10.3345/kjp.2007.50.3.277.

Clinical characteristics of acute renal failure of rhabdomyolysis in children

• Kim JH
• Goo MJ
• Yeom JS
• Park ES
• Seo JH
• Lim JY
• Park CH
• Woo HO
• Youn HS

• KMID: 2279248
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2007.50.3.277

Abstract

PURPOSE: Acute renal failure (ARF) is an important complication of rhabdomyolysis. The purpose of this study was to identify the major causes of rhabdomyolysis in children and to identify the factors associated with the developmet of ARF.
METHODS
A retrospective chart review between January 1997 to June 2005 was conducted of 60 patients with a diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis was defined by an elevation of serum creatine phosphokinase (CK) greater than 1,000 IU/L with a MM fraction more than 95% or serum myoglobin>300 mg/dL or positive urine myoglobin. Patients were excluded if they had evidence of myocardial ischemia, or cerebrovascular insufficiency.
RESULTS
Sixty patients (37 males, 23 females) were enrolled, with the median age of 4.25 year. The most common causes of rhabdomyolysis were repiratory tract infection (9), seizure (7), hypoxia or asphyxia (6). Fifteen patients (25.0%) developed ARF and ten of them (66.0%) died. The initial serum creatinine, uric acid, potassium, pH and peak serum creatinine, initial systolic blood pressure, and mental status were statistically correlated with the development of ARF. The peak serum CK was associated with mortality of rhabdomyolysis.
CONCLUSION
Acute renal failure was significant complication of rhabdomyolysis in children. Several clinical and laboratory factors were statistically associated with the development of ARF and death.

Keyword

Acute renal failure; Rhabdomyolysis; Child

MeSH Terms

Acute Kidney Injury*
Anoxia
Asphyxia
Blood Pressure
Cerebrovascular Disorders
Child*
Creatine Kinase
Creatinine
Diagnosis
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Male
Mortality
Myocardial Ischemia
Myoglobin
Potassium
Retrospective Studies
Rhabdomyolysis*
Seizures
Uric Acid
Creatine Kinase
Creatinine
Myoglobin
Potassium
Uric Acid