J Vet Sci.  2011 Mar;12(1):65-73. 10.4142/jvs.2011.12.1.65.

The expressions of HSP70 and alphaB-crystallin in myocarditis associated with foot-and-mouth disease virus in lambs

• Gulbahar M
• Kabak YB
• Karayigit
• Yarim M
• Guvenc T
• Parlak U

• KMID: 1067339
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2011.12.1.65

Abstract

This study describes the expression of heat shock protein70 (HSP70) and alpha-basic-crystallin (alpha-BC) and their association with apoptosis and some related adaptor proteins in the pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV)-induced myocarditis in lambs. HSP70 was generally overexpressed in the myocardial tissues and inflammatory cells of FMDV-induced myocarditis with differential accumulation and localization in same hearts when compared to non-foot-and-mouth disease control hearts. alpha-BC immunolabeling showed coarse aggregations in the Z line of the cardiomyocytes in FMDV-infected hearts in contrast to control hearts. Overall, the results of this study show that the anti-apoptotic proteins, HSP70 and alpha-BC, were overexpressed with increased apoptosis in FMDV-infected heart tissues. Both proteins failed to protect the cardiomyocytes from apoptosis as defense mechanisms to the FMDV during the infection, suggesting that the virus is able to increase apoptosis via both downregulation and/or upregulation of these anti-apoptotic proteins.

Keyword

apoptosis; foot-and-mouth disease virus type O; heat shock proteins; lamb; myocarditis

MeSH Terms

Animals
Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism
Foot-and-Mouth Disease/*complications/*virology
Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus/*classification
Gene Expression
HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/*metabolism
Myocarditis/complications/pathology/*veterinary/virology
Myocardium/pathology
Sheep
Sheep Diseases/*virology
Turkey
alpha-Crystallin B Chain/*metabolism

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 (A) Diffuse moderate immunolabeling for heat shock protein70 (HSP70) in cardiomyocytes of a control heart. (B) Dense immunolabeling of some foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV)-infected cardiomyocytes. Note the cytoplasmic and perinuclear (arrows). (C) Granularly sarcolemmal (arrowheads) and extracellular (arrows) localization of HSP70 immunolabeling. (D) α-BC immunolabeling in cross striations of cardiomyocytes in a control heart. (E) Abnormal accumulation of α-BC with coarse granules (arrows) in severely affected cardiomyocytes in a FMDV-infected heart. (F) Perinuclear localization of α-BC in the cross section of a FMDV-infected heart (arrows). (G) Desmin immunoreactivity in cross striations of cardiomyocytes from a control heart. (H) Abnormal distribution of desmin immunolabeling with a granular pattern in a FMDV-infected heart. Arrow indicates dense immunoreaction of Purkinje fibers. Immunohistochemical staining with streptavidin-biotin peroxidase complex (SABC) and 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole (AEC), and counterstaining with Mayer's hematoxylin. A-D: ×320, E and F: ×160, G and H: ×380.

• 

  Fig. 2 (A) Few positive signals for apoptosis by the TUNEL method in the control. (B) Abundant signal in the FMDV-infected heart. (C) Caspase 3 immunolabeling in some interstitial cells of a control heart. (D) Cytoplasmic and nuclear (arrow) immunolabeling for caspase 3 of cardiomyocytes and interstitial cells in a FMDV-infected heart. Note the linear condensed immunolabeling possibly in the inner cell membrane surface (arrowhead) of the cardiomyocytes. (E) Weak cytoplasmic immunolabeling of some cardiomyocytes for caspase 8 in a FMDV-infected heart. (F) Moderate to dense immunoreaction for caspase 9 in a FMDV-infected heart. Note the presence of immunolabeling in the vessel wall (arrow). (G) Bcl-2 immunolabeling in the cellular membrane of cardiomyocytes and interstitial cells in a control heart. (H) Increased Bcl-2 immunoreaction showed various subcellular localizations in infected hearts. Note immunolabeling variations for Bcl-2. (I) High magnification of H. The nuclear and weak diffuse cytoplasmic expression in cardiomyocytes. (J) High magnification of H. Dense granular immunolabeling of cellular membrane in cardiomyocytes and interstitial cells, as well as vessels (arrow) in a FMDV-infected heart. Immunohistochemical staining with SABC and AEC, and counterstaining with Mayer's hematoxylin. A and B: ×320, C and G: ×60, D and E: ×120, F and H: ×40, I and J: ×160.

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