J Korean Acad Nurs.  2011 Oct;41(5):663-672. 10.4040/jkan.2011.41.5.663.

Depression Status of Academic High School Students in Seoul: Mediating Role of Entrapment

Affiliations
  • 1College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
  • 2College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. nshin@korea.ac.kr
  • 3Department of Informational Statistics, Hoseo University, Cheonan, Korea.
  • 4Department of Nursing, Sangji University, Wonju, Korea.
  • 5College of Nursing, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Korea.

Abstract

PURPOSE
Purpose of this study was to investigate the status of depression in academic high school students and path analysis model for exploring the mediating role of entrapment to depression in relation to academic stress and perceived social support.
METHODS
Measurements were four reliable questionnaires measuring academic stress, social support, entrapment, and depression. Data were collected from students in 17 high schools in Seoul.
RESULTS
Students (n=5,346) completing the questionnaires indicated depression & entrapment from academic stress. Depression was more prevalent in girls, those whose parents' household income was less than two million won, who did not live with father or mother or both due to divorce, separation, or death, and those who smoked or used alcohol. Entrapment was more prevalent in students similar to cases of depression and in seniors. According to the proposed path model, 48.6% of depression was explained by academic stress, social support, and entrapment. The indirect effect of entrapment as a mediator between academic stress and depression was verified and larger than the direct effect of academic stress on depression.
CONCLUSION
Considering levels of depression and entrapment demonstrated by these students, better mental health programs with diverse strategies should be developed for their psychological well-being.

Keyword

Adolescents; Entrapment; Depression; Academic stress; Social support

MeSH Terms

Adaptation, Psychological
Adolescent
*Depression
Female
Humans
Male
Questionnaires
Republic of Korea
Social Support
Socioeconomic Factors
Stress, Psychological
Students/*psychology
Young Adult

Figure

  • Figure 1 Path diagram explaining mediating effect of entrapment. A=Total students; B=Boys; C=Girls.


Cited by  1 articles

Relationships among Daily Hassles, Social Support, Entrapment and Mental Health Status by Gender in University Students
Suk-Hee Cheon
Korean J Women Health Nurs. 2012;18(3):223-235.    doi: 10.4069/kjwhn.2012.18.3.223.


Reference

1. Brown GW, Harris TO, Hepworth C. Loss, humiliation and entrapment among women developing depression: A patient and non-patient comparison. Psychological Medicine. 1995. 25:7–21. doi: 10.1017/S003329170002804X.
2. Cheon SH, Cha BK. Inferiority, depression and psychosomatic symptoms in female adolescents: The mediating effect of perceived entrapment. Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing. 2008. 14:343–351.
3. Chun KK, Lee MK. Preliminary development of Korean version of CES-D. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology. 1992. 11(1):65–76.
4. Craig T, Van Natta P. Current medication use and symptoms of depression in a general population. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1978. 135:1036–1039.
5. Dong-A Daily News. Korean adolescents with withered heart. 2008. 05. 09. Seoul: Author.
6. Eom TW, Kang MJ, Choi JS. Gender differences of the stress, hopelessness, depression, suicidal ideation and social support in adolescents. Journal of Human Studies. 2008. 22:5–30.
7. Gilbert P. Evolution and depression: Issues and implications. Psychological Medicine. 2006. 36:287–297. doi: 10.1017/S0033291705006112.
8. Gilbert P, Allan S. The role of defeat and entrapment (arrested flight) in depression: An exploration of an evolutionary view. Psychological Medicine. 1998. 28:585–598. doi: 10.1017/S0033291798006710.
9. Gilbert P, Gilbert J, Irons C. Life events, entrapments and arrested anger in depression. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2004. 79:149–160. doi: 10.1016/S0165-0327(02)00405-6.
10. Han MH. A study on stress, perceived social supports, and behavior problems of children. 1996. Seoul: Seoul National University;Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
11. Han TY. Adolescents' stress at school: Moderation effects of personality and emotional intelligence. Korean Journal of School Psychology. 2005. 2(2):177–197.
12. Hong YS. The effects of life stress and self-esteem for adolescent suicidal behaviors. Studies on Korean Youth. 2004. 15(2):153–182.
13. Hong SO, Eum KS, Bae OH. A study on social support and stress of adolescent. Journal of Family Relations. 2003. 8(1):139–155.
14. Joreskog K, Sorbom D. LISREL 8: User's reference guide. 2001. Chicago: Scientific Software International.
15. Kim BJ. Infuence of life stress and social support on school adjustment in junior highschool students. 2003. Daejeon: DaeJeon University;Unpublished master's thesis.
16. Kim S. The heterogenous developmental trajectories of adolescent depression and their predictors focusing on gender differences. Studies on Korean Youth. 2010. 21(1):171–192.
17. Kline RB. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. 1998. New York: The Guilford Press.
18. Lee KS, Kim JH. The effects of study stress coping training program on the reduction of study stress and the academic achievements of high school students. Korean Journal of Health Psychology. 2000. 5(1):43–59.
19. National Youth Commission. White paper of Adolescents. 2007. Seoul: Author.
20. Oh MH. Junior highschool students' work related stress factors and symptoms analysis and effects of meditation exercise on reduction of the work related stress. 1993. Daegu: KyungBuk University;Unpublished master's thesis.
21. Park ES, Park YJ, Ryu HS, Han KS, Hwang RI, Im YJ, et al. A nationwide survey on current conditions of school health education. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2006. 36:381–388.
22. Polit DF, Sherman RE. Statistical power in nursing research. Nursing Research. 1990. 39:365–369.
23. Radloff LS. The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement. 1977. 1:385–401. doi: 10.1177/014662167700100306.
24. Saban A, Flisher AJ. The association between psychopathology and substance use in young people: A review of the literature. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 2010. 42(1):37–47. doi: 10.1080/02791072.2010.10399784.
25. Seoul Metropolitan Educational Office. Education statistics. 2005. Seoul: Author.
26. Vaughan CA, Foshee VA, Ennett ST. Protective effects of maternal and peer support on depressive symptoms during adolescence. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. 2010. 38:261–272. doi: 10.1007/s10802-009-9362-9.
27. Vaux A, Phillips J, Holly L, Thomson B, Killiams K, Stewart D. The social support appraisal (SS-A) scale: Studies of reliability and validity. American Journal of Community Psychology. 1986. 14:195–219. doi: 10.1007/BF00911821.
28. Ministry of Health & Welfare. Support for depression screening and treatment for children & adolescents with ADHD. 2009. 04. 09. Seoul: Author.
29. Wilner P, Goldstein RC. Mediation of depression by perceptions of defeat and entrapment in high-stress mothers. The British Journal of Medical Psychology. 2001. 74:473–485. doi: 10.1348/000711201161127.
Full Text Links
  • JKAN
Actions
Cited
CITED
export Copy
Close
Share
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
Similar articles
Copyright © 2024 by Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors. All rights reserved.     E-mail: koreamed@kamje.or.kr